According to Alex Thorn, research director at Galaxy Digital, as quantum computing hardware advances at an accelerated pace, the Bitcoin community is gradually reaching a consensus to introduce quantum resistant cryptography (PQC) through soft forks and upgrade the address system to ensure long-term security. The report points out that the current Bitcoin signature mechanism using elliptic curve digital signature algorithm can theoretically be cracked by the Scheuer algorithm, and there are potential risks in the early p2pkh addresses of about 2 million BTC due to public key exposure. The community tends to promote the "migration window period" mechanism, guiding users to transfer assets to anti quantum new addresses and implementing freezing or destruction of non migrated assets. In addition, the scheme also includes the use of a dual signature mechanism that combines ECDSA and PQC in parallel to enhance encryption agility and smooth transitions.
