韩国 South Korea's stock market volatility surpasses Bitcoin, with seven circuit breakers this year According to Bloomberg, the volatility of South Korea's KOSPI index has exceeded 60% this year, nearly double that of the Nikkei 225 and even surpassing Bitcoin. The exchange has triggered circuit breakers seven times this year (compared to 0 times last year). Samsung Electronics and SK Hynix together account for over 50% of KOSPI's market cap. While the AI boom has driven up stock prices, revenues have yet to catch up with valuations. Leveraged ETFs are amplifying the volatility, with over $4 billion flowing into related products this year, accounting for more than 70% of daily trading volume in individual stocks. Retail investors have net bought over $67 billion, while foreign investors have net sold approximately $108 billion.