Let's talk about S and M Freud believed that S must possess the qualities of M. His original words in "The Three Treatises on Sexuality" were: Abusers and victims have opposite forms of expression, but belong to the same impulse, often appearing simultaneously in one person The abuser must imagine the pain of the victim in order to obtain pleasure, and this imagination unconsciously places oneself in the position of the victim He tasted the fruits of torture by becoming a victim So the pleasure of sadistic behavior has a prerequisite, which is implicit identification with being abused Without this premise, it is simply a material destruction and will not satisfy desires Freud believed that both masochism and sadism stem from human instinct, the drive to die This instinctive aggression initially points towards ourselves, as each of us has a tendency towards masochism In order to avoid self destruction, the mind must turn this power towards the outside, which is why there is sadism And when this force is hindered, it will fold back into itself and become abused again But in fact, we can find that such structures are widely present, and even to the point where any individual's subject cannot escape such a process And all of this can be traced back to Hegel's master slave dialectics In Hegel's view, the establishment of self-consciousness is the result of a life and death struggle When two consciousnesses meet, they both demand that the other acknowledge themselves as masters The winner seems to have won recognition, but falls into a void because the recognition he receives comes from a slave whom he has reduced to a commodity And how can the recognition of an object be a true recognition But slaves, on the contrary, transformed the world through forced labor, saw the projection of their own spirit in their works, and instead gained their true selves The structure of desire is that every subject relies on an other to accomplish itself And relying on others means that the satisfaction of the subject is in the hands of others, which is the paradox of control Therefore, any apparent abuser must be in a masochistic position structurally This is the unity of abuse and suffering This masochistic unity, if withdrawn into the heart of an individual, can manifest as the isomorphism of narcissism and inferiority complex Freud proposed in "On Narcissism" that people tend to direct their energy towards their ideal self The more exaggerated this ideal is, the more severe the superego becomes. He is like an inner abuser, constantly examining his real self and demanding that he match that perfect fantasy On the surface, narcissism infinitely elevates oneself, while inferiority infinitely belittles oneself, but in reality, the two are consistent That is, they all have an absolute ideal self built in, and constantly examine their real selves based on it Narcissists indulge in fantasies, but behind them lies an insatiable judge People with low self-esteem cannot tolerate it either, deviating from the way they should be He belittles himself so strongly because he subconsciously believes that he should be invincible I play both master and slave roles, constantly scrutinizing myself According to Nietzsche, people must overcome their own things The most vicious enemy you encounter will always be yourself